Expanding on the Cinema of Prayōga as an Embodied Approach to Experimental Film
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this paper I revisit the concept of Cinema of Prayoga, a theoretical framework for the study of experimental film and video proposed by Indian film critic Amrit Gangar. I re-evaluate its potential as an alternative approach to experimental film. In particular I articulate how the Yoga philosophy can further be explored within the context of this framework, to address notions of embodiment in experimental film. I point to how Indian philosophy can be useful towards interpreting cinema globally, with the specific example of American avant-garde film.
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Miguel Hernández Communication Journal is an open access magazine. To publish on MHCJ, the authors accept the following terms:
- The authors will retain their copyright and guarantee the journal the right to first publish their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Atribución/Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional, which allows third parties share the work as long as its author and his first publication in this magazine are indicated.
- Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for the distribution of the version of the published work (eg, deposit it in an institutional telematic archive or publish it in a monographic volume) provided that the initial publication in this journal is indicated .
- Authors are allowed and recommended to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their website) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations. of the published work. (See The effect of open access).
- The document RESIGNATION OF PERCEPTION OF BENEFITS OF COPYRIGHT is intended for the print publication of MHCJ by the UNIVERSITAS publishing house. Both authors and publishers renounce the collection of economic benefits, if any, when the aforementioned publisher takes over the entire cost of printing, distribution and dissemination.
How to Cite
References
Bannon, R. B. (2015). Apophatic measures: Toward a Theology of Irreducible Particularity. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard Divinity School.
Baumer, B. (2001). Introduction. In Baumer, B. & Vatsyayan, K. (Eds.), Kalātattvakośa: A Lexicon of Fundamental Concepts of The Indian Arts, (Vol. 2). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
Brakhage, S. (1963). Metaphors on Vision. In Sitney P. A. (Ed.) Film Culture, unpaginated, New York.
Brakhage, S. (2001). Chicago Review Article. Chicago Review, 47, 38-41.
Brakhage, S., & Haller, R. A. (1982). Brakhage Scrapbook: Collected Writings, 1964-1980.
Burney, S. (2012). Pedagogy of the Other: Edward Said, Postcolonial Theory, and Strategies for Critique (Monograph). Counterpoints, (Vol. 417). Peter Lang. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42981703
Butler, B., & Mirza K. (Eds.). (2006). Cinema of Prayōga: Indian Experimental Film & Video, 1913-2006. no.w.here.
Char, P. D. (2009). Mimamsa Ethics. In Prasad R. (Ed.), A Historical-Developmental Study Of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals (pp. 272-292). Concept Publishing Company.
Chinweizu. (1975). The West and the Rest of Us: White Predators, Black Slavers, and the African Elite, New York: Random House.
Clooney, F. X. (1990). Thinking Ritually: Rediscovering the the Pūrva Mīmāṃsā of Jaimini. Gerhard Oberhammer, ed., Publication of the de Nobili Research Library, (Vol. XVN, pp. 116-119). Vïenna: Institute for Indology, University of Vienna.
Dorsky, N. (2003). Devotional Cinema. Tuumba Press.
Elwes, C. (2015). Installation and the Moving Image, Columbia University Press.
Easwaran, E. (2007). The Upanishads (2nd ed.). Nilgiri Press.
Experimenta India. (n.d.-a). Cinema of Prayoga. Retrieved June 11, 2022 from http://experimenta.in/cinema-of-prayoga/
Experimenta India. (n.d.-b). Excavating Indian Experimental Film. Retrieved June 21, 2022 from http://experimenta.in/texts/
Foucault, M., & Miskowiec, J. (1986). Of Other Spaces. diacritics, 16(1), 22-27.
Gangar, A. (2006). The Cinemā of Prayōga. In B. Butler and K. Mirza (Eds.), Cinema of Prayōga. Indian Experimental Film and Video 1913–2006 (pp. 9-26). no.w.here.
Gangar, A. (2012). The Moving Image: Looped, to be Mukt! 1–the Cinemā Prayōga Conscience. The Moving Image Review & Art Journal (MIRAJ) 1(2), 189-203.
Ganguly, S. (1994, Summer). Stan Brakhage–The 60th Birthday Interview. Film Culture, (78), 18-38.
Ghosh, M. (1961-67). The Natyashastra, Ascribed to Bharata-Muni: Chapters 1-36, (Vol. 2), The Asiatic Society and Manisha Granthalaya.
Greene, L. (2017). The Labour of Breath: Performing and Designing Breath in Cinema. Music, Sound, and the Moving Image, 10(2), 109-133.
Hatley, S. (2007). Mapping the Esoteric Body in the Islamic Yoga of Bengal. History of Religions, 46(4), 351-368.
Jacob J. (2004). The Architectural Theory of the Mānasāra, Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University Libraries.
Jacobs, A. (Trans.) (2007). The Principal Upanishads: The Essential Philosophical Foundation of Hinduism. London: Watkins Publishing.
Kapur, G. (2000). What’s New in Indian Art: Canons, Commodification, Artists on the Edge. In Pal, P. (Ed.), Reflections on the Arts of India, Marg Publications.
Kapur, G. (2018). Proposition Avant-Garde: A View from the South. Art Journal, 77(1), 87-89.
Kennedy, C. (2018). Existence is Song: A Stan Brakhage Retrospective: January to December. The World Viewed. Retrieved June 11, 2022 from https://theworldviewed.com/2013/existence-is-song-a-stan-brakhage-retrospective-january-to-december-2018/.
King, S. B. (1991). Buddha Nature. SUNY Press.
Lefebvre, H., & Nicholson-Smith, D. (1991). The Production of Space (Vol. 142). Blackwell: Oxford.
Luna, C. (2011). The Flame Is Ours: The Letters of Stan Brakhage and Michael McClure 1961–1978. Big Bridge. Retrieved June 1, 2022 from http://www.bigbridge.org/BB15/2011_BB_15_FEATURES/Luna_McClure_Brakhage_Feature/THE_FLAME_IS_OURS.pdf.
Mallinson, J., & Singleton, M. (2017). Roots of Yoga. Penguin UK.
Mann, P. (1991) The Theory-Death of the Avant-Garde. Indiana University Press.
Mathur, S. (2018). A Response to Kapur’s “Proposition Avant-Garde”. Art Journal, 77(1), 90-94.
Mathur, S. (2019). A Fragile Inheritance: Radical Stakes in Contemporary Indian Art. Duke University Press.
Merleau-Ponty, M. (1968). The Visible and the Invisible: Followed by Working Notes. Northwestern University Press.
Mignolo, W. D. (2012). Delinking, Decoloniality & Dewesternization: Interview with Walter Mignolo (Part II), Critical Legal Thinking. Retrieved May 1, 2022 from http://criticallegalthinking.com/2012/05/02/delinking-decoloniality-dewesternization-interview-with-walter-mignolo-part-ii/
Mignolo, W. D. (2018). Foreword: On pluriversality and multipolarity. In Constructing the Pluriverse (pp. ix-xvi). Duke University Press.
Mohanty, C. T. (2003). “Under Western Eyes” Revisited: Feminist Solidarity Through Anticapitalist Struggles. Signs: Journal of Women in culture and Society, 28(2), 499-535.
O’Pray, M. (2003). Avant-garde Film: Forms, Themes and Passions (Vol. 17). Wallflower Press.
Pollock, S. (1985). The Theory of Practice and The Practice of Theory in Indian Intellectual History. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 499-519.
Prasad, R. (Ed.). (2009). A Historical-Developmental Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals. Concept Publishing Company.
Quinlivan, Davina. (2014). The Place of Breath in Cinema. Edinburgh University Press.
Raghunathan, R. (2014, March 12). Q & A: Amrit Gangar. Prayōga, Possibilities of Cinema, Conversations And Contemplations. Desistfilm. https://desistfilm.com/q-a-amrit-gangar-prayoga-possibilities-of-cinema/
Ragona, M. (2007). Swing and Sway: Marie Menken’s Filmic Events. In Robin Blaetz (Ed.), Women’s Experimental Cinema (pp. 20-44). Duke University Press.
Rao, S. (2018, August 30). Bharata’s Natya-Shastra – Some Reflections. Sreenivasarao’s Blogs. Retrieved April 1, 2022 from https://sreenivasaraos.com/2012/09/13/bharatas-natya-shastra-some-reflections/.
Rose, A. (2016). Breath in the Technoscientific Imaginary. Medical Humanities, 42(4), e31-e35.
Savran, David. (2005). The Death of the Avantgarde. TDR/The Drama Review, 49(3), 10-42. Retrieved April 1, 2022 from http://www.jstor.org.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/stable/4488655.
Shohat, E., & Stam, R. (1998). Narrativizing Visual Culture: Towards a Polycentric Aesthetics. In Mirzoeff, N. (Ed.), The Visual Culture Reader (Vol. 2), 37-59, Psychology Press.
Shohat, E., & Stam, R. (2000). Unthinking Eurocentricism: Causes, Manifestations, and Solutions. London: Routledge.
Škof, L., & Berndtson, P. (Eds.). (2018). Atmospheres of Breathing. SUNY Press.
Stam, R., & Shohat, E. (2005) Travelling Multiculturalism. In A. Loomba, S. Kaul, M. Bunzl, A. Burton, J. Esty (Ed.s.), Postcolonial Studies and Beyond (pp. 293-316) Duke University Press.
Sobchack, V. (1992). The Address of the Eye: A Phenomenology of Film Experience. Princeton University Press.
Subramanian, K. (2022, July 2). Cinema of Breath. Kalpana Subramanian. https://kalpanasubramanian.com/cinemaofbreath
Tilak, S. (2006). Understanding Karma: In Light of Paul Ricoeur’s Philosophical Anthroplogy & Hemeneutics. International Centre for Cultural Studies.
Wees, W. C. (1992). Light Moving in Time Studies in the Visual Aesthetics of Avant-Garde Film, University of California Press.