Construcción de la realidad y prensa en el proceso penal | The construction of reality that newspapers make about a criminal process: an oral closed-doors and open-doors trial
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Abstract
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En la sociedad contemporánea, los medios de comunicación adquieren un papel protagónico en la construcción de conocimiento social. De aquí surge la responsabilidad que les es otorgada. La investigación emerge al observar la falta de conocimiento jurídico en los profesionales de la comunicación y en el afán por obtener nuevos saberes. A partir de reconocer la tensión existente entre Medios de Comunicación y Justicia se recorta el campo a la prensa y se indaga en los modos de construir la noticia sobre el proceso penal. En este sentido, se especifican las herramientas que utilizan los periodistas y cada una de ellas se aborda desde el análisis de contenido y la entrevista. Se trata de comprender e interpretar el significado de las prácticas periodísticas en la cultura en la que se producen. Así, se analiza ilustrativamente el caso Spedale en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina), por ser un juicio oral y público con la particularidad de efectuarse -al mismo tiempo- a puertas cerradas. De la aplicación de cada técnica y su análisis se elaboran las conclusiones que se presentan en este artículo.
Abstract
In contemporary society, media take on a leading role in the construction of social knowledge, and this increases their responsibility towards people. The research arises from observing the lack of legal knowledge in professional communication and the desire to obtain new knowledge in this field. Once the tension between media and justice is recognised, field is delimited to newspapers and the different ways of building news about criminal proceedings is explored. In this way, tools used by journalists are specified and each of them is approached from the content analysis theories and through interviews. It is about understanding and interpreting the meaning of journalistic practices in the culture in which they occur. It specifically analyzes the Spedale case as an example in Córdoba city (Argentina), as a public oral closed-door trial. Conclusions presented in this article are deducted from the application of each technique and its analysis.
Palabras clave
Construcción de la realidad; proceso penal; periodismo gráfico; acopio de conocimiento; justicia; periodistas.
Key Words
Social construction; criminal; print media; newspapers; knowledge collection; justice; journalist.
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