Branding e integración de las audiencias en la creación de la marca periodística
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Abstract
Las empresas de comunicación han comenzado a comportarse como marcas y promover el branding o sistematización de actividades dirigidas a la audiencia para fortalecer su imagen de marca. Por la naturaleza intangible de los productos informativos y los nuevos modos de consumo, el éxito en la gestión de la marca requiere un compromiso corporativo duradero de los implicados: propietarios, gestores, consumidores y otros stakeholders. De ellos, la integración de las audiencias en la construcción de la marca periodística supone el mayor reto. Sin olvidar la calidad del producto, la gestión estratégica de la marca debe propiciar una relación con los consumidores coherente con su identidad y abierta a que éstos participen y cocreen la marca periodística. Basada en un análisis de la bibliografía, este artículo propone una gestión estratégica centrada en las audiencias, como requisito para generar un capital de marca sostenible. Primero se analiza el concepto de marca desde las teorías del marketing, para posteriormente estudiar los principales enfoques teóricos de la investigación sobre la gestión de marcas en el sector de la comunicación. Por último, se proponen cuatro criterios para orientar la gestión de la marca centrada en la audiencia: participación, personalización, identidad personal y símbolo social.
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