Importancia de la credibilidad de las fuentes mediáticas en materia de drogas | Importance of the credibility of media sources on drugs
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Abstract
Resumen
Los medios de comunicación han alcanzado en nuestra sociedad una importancia capital como agentes de socialización de primer orden, hasta el punto de que lo que no aparece en ellos se invisibiliza para la opinión pública. En el caso de las drogodependencias suelen ser la principal fuente de información, especialmente para la gente joven, por lo que su capacidad de influencia es determinante. En este sentido, los medios de comunicación no sólo transmiten noticias sino que representan una poderosa herramienta para transmitir conocimientos en materia de drogas. Sin embargo, la visión parcial o “descontextualizada” que ofrecen los medios de comunicación sobre el consumo de drogas y la falta de rigor con la que suelen exponer la información provoca una desinformación en los receptores y un deterioro en la credibilidad que se le otorga a este tipo de informaciones. Este estudio piloto se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 115 estudiantes universitarios de primer curso del Grado de Psicología. Se utilizó un cuestionario construido ad hoc con el objeto de sondear el nivel de información que tienen los jóvenes sobre las distintas sustancias de abuso, junto con el grado de credibilidad otorgado a las diversas fuentes de información que con mayor frecuencia consultan para obtener información general o sobre drogas. Fue administrado on-line. Se utilizó un diseño de corte transversal y descriptivo. Entre las conclusiones podemos destacar que no existe ningún medio que reúna suficiente credibilidad y confiabilidad en la información, como para alcanzar proporciones significativas.
Palabras clave
Medios de comunicación, drogodependencias, grado de credibilidad, información, jóvenes.
Abstract
Mass media has reached a very important place in our society as first order socialization agents, to the point that if something doesn’t appear in them, it’s invisible to public opinion. In drug issue, they’re usually used as principal information source, especially for young people, consequently his influence capability is determinant. In this sense mass media not only inform about news, they represent a powerful tool in the knowledge transmission of drug issue. However, the partial or “out of context” vision that media offers about drug consumption and the lack of rigor in the information exposure are responsible for a disinformation in recipients and a deterioration of the credibility in this kind of information. This pilot study was done with a sample of 115 university students at first year of Psychology. A questionnaire ad hoc was used to measure the young people information level about different abuse substances and credibility related to information sources that they usually consult to obtain general information about drugs. This questionnaire was administrated on-line. A descriptive and transversal design was used. In conclusion, we can emphasize that doesn’t exist any media with enough credibility and reliability in information with significant results.
Keywords
Mass media; drug addiction; level of credibility; information; youngs.
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