Functions and characteristics of extra-filmic conditioning of the spectator in horror films

Main Article Content

Abstract

The cinematographic experience always develops under a state of mind or a set of circumstances that delimit and determine the reception of the work, as well as the nature of the cognitive processes triggered by it, or the communicative value that can be extracted by the audience. In short, this experience is formulated or built on a specific consumption pact, which is influenced by actions or strategies planned with the aim of conditioning the emotional and commercial impact of the work in the most effective way possible. Horror films offer us a privileged scenario for the evaluation and analysis of some of these measures that have proven their effectiveness over the years, in the light of the valuable contributions made in the field of experimental psychology. In this article we analyse different strategies applied to the spectator before he/she enters the screening room itself and condition him/her in his/her cinematic experience. These strategies are used to sensitise the audience and make them more vulnerable to the horror film they are about to experience.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section

MON. The sinister in the audiovisual text

Author Biography

Juan José Caballero-Molina, University of Barcelona

Juan José Caballero Molina (1966), Doctor en Historia del Arte (2009), con la tesis titulada: El «entre» como espacio generativo de la expresión fílmica. Una revisión de los fundamentos conceptuales clásicos. A nivel docente ha impartido clases de diversas materias dentro de la ESCAC (1994-2018), el Departamento de Historia del Arte de la UB (2008-2018) y actualmente dentro del Grado de Comunicación e Industrias Culturales de la Facultad de Filología y Comunicación (UB).

How to Cite

Sanz Aznar, J., & Caballero-Molina, J. J. (2021). Functions and characteristics of extra-filmic conditioning of the spectator in horror films. Miguel Hernandez Communication Journal, 12, 21-40. https://doi.org/10.21134/mhcj.v12i.939

References

Appel, M. y Malečkar, B. (2012). The Influence of Paratext on Narrative Persuasion: Fact, Fiction, or Fake? Human Communication Research, 38(4), 459–484. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2012.01432.x

Crespo-Pereira, V., García-Soidán, P. y Martínez-Fernández, V. A. (2019). An approach to the implementation of neuromarketing techniques by European private TV broadcasters. El profesional de la información, 28(5). doi:10.3145/epi.2019.sep.04

Balmain, C. (2011). Flesh and Blood: The Guinea Pig Films. Asian Cinema, 22(1), 58-69. doi:10.1386/ac.22.1.58_1

Banda, D. y Moure, J. (2010). Avant le cinéma: l'oeil et l'image. París, Francia: Armand Colin.

Brown, A. D., Joscelyne, A., Dorfman, M. L., Marmar, C. R. y Bryant, R. A. (2012). The impact of perceived self-efficacy on memory for aversive experiences. Memory, 20(4), 374-383. doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.667110

Calbi, M., Heimann, K., Barratt, D., Siri, F., Umilta, M. y Gallese, V. (2017). How context influences our perception of emotional faces: a behavioral study on the Kuleshov effect. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1684. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01684

Christoforou, C., Papadopoulos, T., Constantinidou, F. y Theodorou, M. (2017). Your brain on the movies: a computational approach for predicting box-office performance from viewer’s brain responses to movie trailers. Frontiers in neuroinformatics, 11. doi:10.3389/fninf.2017.00072

Dayan, D. (1997). Prefacio. Relatar al público. En D. Dayan, En busca del público: recepción, televisión, medios (págs. 13-21). Barcelona, España: Gedisa.

Duckett, V. (2014). Unwinding the film spool: Hugo, Méliès, and our return to early film. Studies in Documentary Film, 8(1), 33-42. doi:10.1080/17503280.2014.903584

Eco, U. (2016). Los límites de la interpretación. Barcelona, España: Penguin Random House.

Europa Press. (2014). ¿Cómo manipulan las películas nuestro cerebro? Europa Press, 18 de septiembre. Recuperado de https://www.europapress.es/cultura/cine-00128/noticia-afectan-peliculas-cerebro-20140904103802.html. Web visitada el 30/9/2020.

Gomery, D. (1981). The Economics of US Film Exhibition Policy and Practice. Ciné-Tracts, 12(4), 36-40.

Gracia, V. (1980). Comidos en su propia trampa. Interviu (235), noviembre, págs. 60-63.

Heimann, K., Uithol, S., Calbi, M., Umiltà, M., Guerra, M. y Gallese, V. (2016). “Cuts in Action”: A High‐Density EEG Study Investigating the Neural Correlates of Different Editing Techniques in Film. Cognitive Science, 41(6), 1-34. doi:10.1111/cogs.12439

James, E., Lau-Zhu, A., Clark, I., Visser, R., Hagenaars, M. y Holmes, E. (2016). The trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of psychological trauma: Intrusive memories and beyond. Clinical Psychology Review, 47, 106-142. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.010

Jin, C. y Villegas, J. (2007). The effect of the placement of the product in film: Consumers' emotional responses to humorous stimuli and prior brand evaluation. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(4), 244–255. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jt.5750049

Lacey, L. (2010). Movies that make you love them. The Globe and Mail, 03 de abril. Obtenido de https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/movies-that-make-you-love-them/article4313328/. Web visitada el 30/9/2020.

Loiperdinger, M. y Elzer, B. (2004). Lumiere's Arrival of the Train: Cinema's Founding Myth. The Moving Image, 4(1), 89-118. doi:0.1353/mov.2004.0014

Mar, R. y Oatley, K. (2008). The function of fiction is the abstraction and simulation of social experience. Perspectives on psychological science, 3(3), 173-192. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x

McRoy, J. (2008). Guinea Pigs and Entrails: Cultural Transformations and Body Horror in Japanese Torture Film. En J. McRoy, Nightmare Japan: Contemporary Japanese Horror Cinema (págs. 15-47). Amsterdam, Paises Bajos: Brill Rodopi.

Moore, T. (1982). Subliminal advertising: What you see is what you get. Journal of marketing, 46(2), 38-47. doi:10.1177/002224298204600205

Nazarova, R. y Lazizovich, T. (2019). Neuromarketing− a Tool for Influencing Consumer Behavior. International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, 5(25). doi:10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30092019/6664

Oatley, K. (1999). Why fiction may be twice as true as fact: Fiction as cognitive and emotional simulation. Review of general psychology, 3(2), 101-117. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.3.2.101

Randall, K. (2011). Rise of Neurocinema: How Hollywood Studios Harness Your Brainwaves to Win Oscars. Fast Company, 25 de febrero. Recuperado de https://www.fastcompany.com/1731055/rise-neurocinema-how-hollywood-studios-harness-your-brainwaves-win-oscars. Web visitada el 30/9/2020.

Richards, A. y Blanchette, I. (2004). Independent Manipulation of Emotion in an Emotional Stroop Task Using Classical Conditioning. Emotion, 4(3), 275–281. doi:doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.4.3.275

Romero, J. (2015). Neurocinema ¿Cómo el Neuromarketing actúa en Hollywood? neuromarketing.la, 27 de noviembre Recuperado de https://neuromarketing.la/2015/11/neurocinema-como-el-neuromarketing-actua-en-hollywood/. Web visitada el 30/9/2020.

Schartau, P., Dalgleish, T. y Dunn, B. (2009). Seeing the bigger picture: training in perspective broadening reduces self-reported affect and psychophysiological response to distressing films and autobiographical memories. Journal of abnormal psychology, 118(1), 15. doi:10.1037/a0012906

Silver, C. (2009). Neurocinema Aims to Change the Way Movies are Made. Wired, 23 de septiembre. Recuperado de https://www.wired.com/2009/09/neurocinema-aims-to-change-the-way-movies-are-made/. Web visitada el 30/9/2020.

Smith, T. (2012). An attentional theory of cinematic continuity. Projections, 6(1), 1-50. doi:10.3167/proj.2012.060102

Veltkamp, M., Custers, R. y Aarts, H. (2011). Motivating consumer behavior by subliminal conditioning in the absence of basic needs: Striking even while the iron is cold. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(1), 49-56. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2010.09.011

Wegerer, M., Blechert, J., Kerschbaum, H. y Wilhelm, F. (2013). Relationship between fear conditionability and aversive memories: evidence from a novel conditioned-intrusion paradigm. PLoS one, 8(11), e79025. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079025

Woud, M., Postma, P., Holmes, E. y Mackintosh, B. (2013). Reducing analogue trauma symptoms by computerized reappraisal training–Considering a cognitive prophylaxis? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 44(3), 312-315. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.01.003

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.