IMB Model and Condom Use among Men Living with HIV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v14i1.6Keywords:
Live whit HIV, safe sex, IMB model, sexual health, preventionAbstract
Theoretical Framework. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model was used as the theoretical framework to explain consistent condom use among men living with HIV in Mexico. The model highlights that, despite access to treatment and various prevention strategies, there is a continued need to reduce new HIV infections and reinfections.
Method. A total of 502 HIV-positive men participated in the study, with an average age of 31 years, all of whom reported having sex with other men. Validated instruments were used to assess HIV and condom knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, self-efficacy, intention to use, sexual communication, and negotiation strategies. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.
Results. Motivation (attitudes and self-efficacy) was significantly associated with condom use negotiation, which emerged as the main predictor of consistent condom use (β = .436, p < .01). Self-efficacy was linked to technical knowledge, whereas attitudes operated independently. Assertive negotiation strategies showed a positive correlation, while avoidant and passive strategies were negatively associated. Consistency of condom use was moderately low (M = .36).
Conclusions. The IMB model was partially validated. The pathways to condom use are not linear: motivation and sexual negotiation emerged as key components. It is recommended to tailor preventive interventions to the cultural and relational context of people living with HIV. The model requires a flexible application that considers differentiated psychological pathways.
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