Between Reality, Fiction, and Virtuality: Cartographies of Critical Fictions: from Cervantes to Hito SteyerlEl presente artículo trata de estudiar las tensiones y posibles dialécticas entre realidad, ficción y virtualidad en ciertas estrategias artísticas contemporáneas que problematizan los conflictos ecológicos, políticos y sociales desde la perspectiva de la ficción crítica, según los modelos de Cervantes, David Foster Wallace y Kafka, y desde una perspectiva foucaultiana matizada por las influencias de Bruno Latour, Donna Haraway o Remedios Zafra. Desde este paradigma, hemos planteado el análisis de casos de determinadas prácticas artísticas que combinan medios digitales, realidad aumentada, narrativas especulativas o falsos tutoriales (Hito Steyerl) que visibilizan crisis ambientales (Marina Zurkow), desplazamientos migratorios (Forensic Oceanography) y/o vulnerabilidades territoriales (Iconoclasistas). Por último, hemos estudiado cómo estas diferentes ficciones críticas, cada una con sus propios mecanismos narrativos, expanden la percepción del presente y abren la posibilidad de imaginar futuros sostenibles más allá del discurso distópico que relacionan el fin del mundo con el fin del sistema capitalista.
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This article aims to study the tensions and possible dialectics between reality, fiction, and virtuality in certain contemporary artistic strategies that problematize ecological, political, and social conflicts from the perspective of critical fiction, following the models of Cervantes, David Foster Wallace, and Kafka, and from a Foucauldian perspective nuanced by the influences of Bruno Latour, Donna Haraway, and Remedios Zafra. Within this paradigm, we analyze specific cases of artistic practices that combine digital media, augmented reality, speculative narratives, or fake tutorials (Hito Steyerl) to make visible environmental crises (Marina Zurkow), migratory displacements (Forensic Oceanography), and/or territorial vulnerabilities (iconoclast). Finally, we examine how these different critical fictions, each with its own narrative mechanisms, expand the perception of the present and open up the possibility of imagining sustainable futures beyond the dystopian discourse that links the end of the world with the end of the capitalist system.
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