Beneficios del ejercicio físico acuático en la readaptación de la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/riaa.v1i1.392Keywords:
Ligamento cruzado anterior, rotura, intervención quirúrjica, hidroterapia, piscina, recuperación, ROM, fuerzaAbstract
Antecedentes: La rodilla es una unidad funcional anatómica móvil que juega un papel clave en la función deportiva. Las lesiones producidas en esta articulación y, más específicamente, las roturas de ligamento cruzado anterior son de gran gravedad obligando al deportista a estar mucho tiempo apartado de la competición. En los últimos años, el trabajo en el medio acuático se ha incrementado debido a las diferentes ventajas que este proporciona. En cuanto a la readaptación de este tipo de lesiones, las terapias acuáticas pueden ser favorables debido a su implementación en etapas tempranas en las que se requiere minimizar el impacto en la articulación lesionada.
Objetivos: Averiguar si la readaptación en el medio acuático produce beneficios durante las distintas fases de recuperación de la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior respecto a una readaptación en el medio terrestre.
Método: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión de artículos que han comprobado los beneficios obtenidos entre una readaptación acuática y otra tradicional, así como la complementación de ambas.Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos no muestran diferencias significativas en la mayoría de variables (dolor, ROM, fuerza, etc.), aunque si se evidencian mejoras en cuanto al tiempo de recuperación durante el ejercicio en el medio acuático. También se encuentran diferencias negativas en el trabajo de fuerza isquitibial en el medio acuático respecto al entrenamiento tradicional.
Conclusiones: El ejerccio físico en el medio acuático es un complemeto útil para la recuperación terrestre. Además, facilita la recuperación en la etapa temprana de la lesión.
Palabras clave: ligamento cruzado anterior, rotura, intervención quirúrjica, hidroterapia, piscina, recuperación, ROM, fuerza.
Abstract
Introduction: The knee is a mobile anatomical functional unit that plays a key role in sports function. The injuries produced in this joint and, more specifically, anterior cruciate ligament tears are of great gravity, forcing the athlete to be a long time away from the competition. In recent years, work in the aquatic environment has increased due to the different advantages it provides. Regarding the rehabilitation of this type of lesions, aquatic therapies may be favorable due to their implementation in the early stages in which it is required to minimize the impact on the injured joint.
Objectives: To determine if the readaptation in the aquatic environment produces benefits during the different phases of recovery of the anterior cruciate ligament injury with respect to a readaptation in the terrestrial environment.
Method: A review has been carried out of articles that have verified the benefits obtained between an aquatic and a traditional readaptation, as well as the complementation of both.
Results: The results obtained do not show significant differences in the majority of variables (pain, ROM, force, etc.), although there is evidence of improvement in recovery time during exercise in the aquatic environment. There are also negative differences in the work of isquitibial force in the aquatic environment compared to traditional training.
Conclusions: Physical exercise in the aquatic environment is a useful supplement for terrestrial recovery. It also facilitates recovery at the early stage of the injury.
Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament, rupture, surgical intervention, hydrotherapy, pool, recovery, ROM, strength.
Resumo
Antecedentes: O joelho é uma unidade funcional anatômica móvel que desempenha um papel fundamental na função desporto. Lesões nessa articulação e, mais especificamente, quebra ACL são extremamente graves obrigando o atleta a ser longo para fora da competição. Nos últimos anos, o trabalho no ambiente aquático tem aumentado devido às diversas vantagens que ela proporciona. Como para a reabilitação de tais lesões, terapia da água pode ser favorável devido à sua implementação em estágios iniciais é necessária para minimizar o impacto sobre a articulação lesada.
Objetivos: Descubra se a reciclagem no ambiente aquático produz benefícios durante as várias fases de lesão recuperação ACL sobre um retrofit em terra.
Método: Realizou uma revisão de artigos têm mostrado os benefícios obtidos a partir de uma reabilitação aquática e outra tradicional e complementação de ambos.
Resultados: Os resultados não mostram diferenças significativas na maioria das variáveis (dor, ROM, força, etc.), embora melhorias no tempo de recuperação são evidentes durante o exercício em ambiente aquático. As diferenças negativas também são encontrados na isquitibial força de trabalho no ambiente aquático em relação à formação tradicional.
Conclusões: Ejercicio física no meio aquático é útil para recuperação complemeto terrestre. Além disso, facilita a recuperação na fase inicial da lesão.
Palavras-chave: ligamento cruzado anterior, de ruptura, de intervenção quirúrjica, piscina de hidroterapia, recuperação, ROM, força.
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