Adolescentes con y sin enfermedad crónica: competencias emocionales y malestar emocional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v11i1.315Palabras clave:
Enfermedad crónica, Adolescencia, Malestar emocional, Habilidades socioemocionales, estudio comparativoResumen
Tener una enfermedad crónica (EC) en la adolescencia puede aumentar los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos. Las habilidades emocionales pueden amortiguar este impacto. El objetivo fue analizar la relación entre las habilidades emocionales y el malestar emocional, y observar las diferencias entre los adolescentes con y sin EC. Participaron 444 adolescentes (50% con enfermedad crónica), el 62,60% fueron mujeres y tenían entre 12 y 16 años. Se evaluaron las competencias emocionales (ESCQ; Shoeps et al., 2019) y el malestar emocional (HADS; Valero-Moreno et al., 2019). Se observaron niveles elevados de ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional, y moderada percepción y comprensión, expresión y etiquetaje y manejo y regulación de emociones. Las mujeres y quienes tenían una EC mostraron más ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional. Menos habilidades emocionales se asociaron con más más ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional. La presencia de una EC es un factor de riesgo, las habilidades emocionales, de protección.
Descargas
Referencias
Abad, F.J., Olea, J., Ponsoda, V., y García, C. (2011). Medición en ciencias sociales y de la salud. Editorial Síntesis.
Anuliika, E. (2022). Emotional Intelligence And Empathy As Correlate Of Self-Esteem Among Adolescents. International Journal of Innovative Psychology & Social Development, 10(1), 1–9.
Arcand, M., Juster, R.P., Lupien, S. J., & Marin, M.F. (2020). Gender roles in relation to symptoms of anxiety and depression among students and workers. Anxiety, Strees and coping, 33(6), 661–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1774560.
Arrivillaga, C., Rey, L., & Extremera, N. (2022). Psychological distress, rumination and problematic smartphone use among Spanish adolescents: An emotional intelligence-based conditional process analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 296, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2021.09.021.
Battelino, T., Danne, T., Bergenstal, R. M., Amiel, S. A., Beck, R., Biester, T., Bosi, E., Buckingham, B. A., Cefalu, W. T., Close, K. L., Cobelli, C., Dassau, E., Hans DeVries, J., Donaghue, K. C., Dovc, K., Doyle, F. J., Garg, S., Grunberger, G., Heller, S., ... Phillip, M. (2019). Clinical targets for continuous glucose monitoring data interpretation: Recommendations from the international consensus on time in range. Diabetes Care, 42(8), 1593–1603. https://doi.org/10.2337/DCI19-0028.
Canals, J., Voltas, N., Hernández-Martínez, C., Cosi, S., & Arija, V. (2018). Prevalence of DSM-5 anxiety disorders, comorbidity, and persistence of symptoms in Spanish early adolescents. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,28(1), 131–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00787-018-1207-Z.
Cardila, F., Martos, Á., Barragán, A. B., Pérez-Fuentes, M. del C., Molero, M. del M., & Gázquez, J. J. (2015). Prevalence of depression in Spain: Analysis of the last 15 years. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 5(2), 267–279. https://doi.org/10.3390/EJIHPE5020025.
Casaña-Granell, S., Lacomba-Trejo, L., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2021a). Adolescence and short stature : factors in adjustment to the diagnosis. Quality of Life Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02798-1.
Casaña-Granell, S., Lacomba-Trejo, L., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2021b). Factors associated with stress when caring for a child with a short stature. Current Psychology, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01323-w.
Cohen, J. (1998). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences Second Edition Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
Conde, A. B. Q., Díaz, M. D. J., López, M. R., & Berbén, M. T. G. (2014). La enfermedad crónica infantil. Repercusiones emocionales en el paciente y en la familia. Revista INFAD de Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 4(1), 569–576. https://doi.org/10.17060/IJODAEP.2014.N1.V4.832.
De La Barra, F. (2009). Epidemiología de trastornos psiquiátricos en niños y adolescentes. Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatría, 47(4), 314.
Delamater, A. M., Guzman, A., & Aparicio, K. (2017). Mental health issues in children and adolescents with chronic illness. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, 10(3), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHRH-05-2017-0020.
Geisler, A., Lass, N., Reinsch, N., Uysal, Y., Singer, V., Ravens-Sieberer, U., & Reinehr, T. (2012). Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Growth Hormone Deficiency: Association with Growth Hormone Treatment. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 78(2), 94–99. https://doi.org/10.1159/000341151.
Giménez-Espert, M. del C., & Prado-Gascó, V. J. (2018). The role of empathy and emotional intelligence in nurses’ communication attitudes using regression models and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis models (fsQCA). Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(13–14), 2661–2672. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14325.
Hadad, S., Ali, M. M., & Sayed, T. A. (2021). Psychological and behavioral complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Sohag. Middle East Current Psychiatry,28(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/S43045-021-00117-5.
Lacomba-Trejo, L., Valero-Moreno, S., Casaña-Granell, S., Pérez-Marín, M., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2018). Enfermedad crónica pediátrica: estudio comparativo de los niveles de ansiedad, depresión y autoestima. Revista de Psicología Clínica Con Niños y Adolescentes, 5, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2018.05.3.7.
Lacomba-Trejo, L., Valero-Moreno, S., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2020). Psychosocial Factors and Chronic Illness as Predictors for Anxiety and Depression in Adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 568941. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568941.
Lacomba-Trejo, L., Valero-Moreno, S., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2021). Predicting health-related quality of life in Spanish adolescents with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.1904514.
Lewinsohn, P. M., Lewinsohn, M., Gotlib, I. H., Seeley, J. R., & Allen, N. B. (1998). Gender differences in anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Abnor-mal Psychology, 107(1), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.107.1.109.
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. J. Sluyter (Eds.). Emotional development and emotional intelligence: educational implications (pp. 3–34). Basic Books.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2020). Salud mental del adolescente. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adoles-cent-mental-health.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2021). Enfermedades no transmisibles. Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases.
Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Fran-cisco, R., Pedro, M., & Espada, J. P. (2020). Coping behaviors and psychological disturbances in youth affected by the COVID-19 health crisis. Frontiers in Psychology,12, 565657. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2gnxb.
Pinna, T., & Edwards, D. J. (2020). A Systematic Review of Associations Between Interoception, Vagal Tone, and Emotional Regulation: Potential Applications for Mental Health, Wellbeing, Psychological Flexibility, and Chronic Conditions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1792. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2020.01792/BIBTEX.
Qualter, P., Rouncefield-Swales, A., Bray, L., Blake, L., Allen, S., Probert, C., Crook, K., & Carter, B. (2020). Depression, anxiety, and loneliness among adolescents and young adults with IBD in the UK: the role of disease severity, age of onset, and embarrassment of the condition. Quality of Life Research, 30(2), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02653-9.
Racine, N., McArthur, B. A., Cooke, J. E., Eirich, R., Zhu, J., & Madigan, S. (2021). Global Prevalence of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Adolescents During COVID-19: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(11), 1142–1150. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMAPEDIA-TRICS.2021.2482.
Real, M. del C., & López, S. R. (2017). Influencia de los factores psicosociales en adolescentes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo I. Cultura de Los Cuidados Revista de Enfermería y Humanidades, 21(48), 190-198. https://doi.org/10.14198/cuid.2017.48.21.
Rodríguez-Rubio, P., Lacomba-Trejo, L., Valero-Moreno, S., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2022). 10Vida: A Mental and Physical Health Intervention for Chronically Ill Adolescents and Their Caregivers in the Hospital Setting: An Open Study. International Journal of Environmen-tal Research and Public Health, 19, 19(6), 3162. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH19063162.
Ruiz-Aranda, D., Resurrección, D. M., Gutierrez-Colosia, M. R., & Martinez-Brocca, M. A. (2019). Intervention in emotional abilities for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a hospital setting: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, 9(8), e027913. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027913.
Sadeghpour, F., Heidarzadeh, M., Naseri, P., & Moghadam, M. N.-M. (2018). Emotio-nal Intelligence as a Predictor of Posttraumatic Growth in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Illness, crisis & loss, 29(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1054137318788653.
Schoeps, K., Tamarit, A., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Takšić, V. (2019). Factorial structure and validity of the Emotional skills and competences Questionnaire (ESCQ) in Spanish adolescents. Behavioral Psychology / Psicología Conductual, 27(2), 275–293.
Takšić, V., Mohorić, T., & Duran, M. (2009). Emotional skills and competence questionnaire (ESCQ) as a self-report measure of emotional intelligence. Horizons of Psychology, 18(3), 7–21.
Valero-Moreno, S. (2021). Repercusiones psicológicas de la enfermedad respiratoria crónica pediátrica en los pacientes y en sus cuidadores[Universidad de Valencia]. https://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/77561.
Valero-Moreno, S., Lacomba-Trejo, L., Casaña-Granell, S., Prado-Gascó, V.-J., Montoya-Castilla, I., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2019). Factor structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in adolescent patients with chronic disease. Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria, 117(4), 252-258. https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2019.eng.252.
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.
Zysberg, L., & Zisberg, A. (2020). Days of worry: Emotional intelligence and social support mediate worry in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(2), 268-277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320949935.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Revista de PSICOLOGÍA DE LA SALUD

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0